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Types of Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders can be identified when fear or anxiety are excessive, persistent and affecting daily life. Psychotherapy, talk therapy, and medications are effective treatments. First, consult your doctor to rule any physical issues out which could be causing your symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health specialist can diagnose the type anxiety disorder you are suffering from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everybody feels anxious at times, and there are many valid reasons to worry about things like work obligations or money, or health. But when the anxieties become constant and take over your life, you may be suffering from a more serious anxiety disorder known as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD is defined by dread and anxiety that can alter the entire life of a person. They tend to think that they are the worst and believe that minor issues can turn into major catastrophes. GAD can be a problem for anyone, and it typically begins in adolescence or childhood, but can occur at any time. It is twice as prevalent in women and those born female. GAD can trigger physical symptoms, such as headaches and stomachaches, and make it difficult to sleep. It can also affect work and social activities, causing people to withdraw from friends or family and lead to an eroding of self-esteem. People who suffer from chronic, severe GAD are at a higher chance of developing depression. However, treatment can help manage both disorders. Although the exact cause of anxiety isn't known however, it is believed that anxiety disorders are related to genetics and changes in brain structures that affect your body's response to stress. Certain experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters inside the brain may also play an important role. While there is no cure for GAD, the condition can be managed with psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, encompasses a variety of treatments that teach you to identify and change negative thoughts, emotions and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy is a kind of talk therapy which can help you control your thoughts that are untrue and lessen your anxiety by challenging them. Certain physical symptoms, such as heart palpitations or dizziness could be alleviated by medication. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines as well as certain medications used to treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine. GAD is difficult to recognize however, it is important to seek help when you are worried or if other symptoms of the condition are apparent. Early treatment is more effective, since it lets you reduce the physical and emotional symptoms before they begin to take over your life. Panic disorder This anxiety disorder is characterised by sudden, intense sensations of fear and terror (panic attacks) that peak within minutes. This disorder can also cause chest pain, shortness of breath or the sensation that your heart is fluttering or pounding (heart palpitations). They are concerned that the symptoms they are experiencing could be signs of a heart attacks. People with panic disorder are at risk for developing other anxiety disorders and could be more susceptible to depression or other health issues, such as hyperthyroidism or asthma. The reason behind anxiety disorders isn't well understood however, researchers believe they arise from a mix of factors. Certain studies suggest that they could be related to faulty brain circuits that regulate fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that genetics, life experiences like childhood abuse or traumatizing events are typical causes of anxiety disorder. A large majority of people suffering from an anxiety disorder have a parent who suffers from the condition. People who have anxiety disorders may be worried constantly even when they realize that their fears are irrational. This can lead to difficulty in social situations, at work or school. Additionally, some sufferers of anxiety disorders experience difficulties sleeping or eating well. They might also have muscle tension, irritability and difficulties in concentrating. A person with generalized anxiety disorder is likely to have numerous worries regarding daily tasks, like the demands of their job or family issues. They're also likely to feel restless or easily fatigued and have difficulty concentrating. They also frequently worry about their safety or that of others. The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. Treatments include medicine, psychotherapy and complementary health practices. A mental health professional can assist you in identifying the condition that causes your symptoms, and suggest the most effective treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you understand how to cope with your anxiety and reduce the number of panic attacks you experience. There are a variety of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response preventative. These therapies can be done in groups or individually. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a serious condition that can hinder everyday life. It can cause intense anxiety, fear and avoidance of social situations. It usually begins in childhood, but may also appear in early adulthood. It often shows up as a fear of certain social situations, like speaking in class or going out on a date, or it may be more generalized and include avoiding any situation that might result in being perceived as a failure by others. When someone with SAD recognizes that their fear is irrational, they still feel powerless to overcome it. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this can make them feel even more anxious. They might also develop “safety behavior” to ease their anxiety. For example, they might drink alcohol, remain silent, or avoid eye contact. Certain people with SAD might benefit from medication in addition to psychological treatment. These drugs, also referred to as antidepressants, aid in balancing the levels of some neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). If you or someone you know has social anxiety disorder, it's essential to get treatment. The condition can be debilitating if left untreated and can result in other mental health issues like depression and addiction to substances. If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts, contact 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK (TALK) to 741741 to speak with an experienced crisis counselor. One in four patients suffering from anxiety disorders receive treatment. Treatment is impeded by an absence of awareness of anxiety disorders, low investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is also essential to make sure that your healthcare provider is aware of the various types of anxiety disorders so that you can be properly diagnosed and treated. Request your doctor to refer you to a mental health professional in case you're not sure if you have an anxiety disorder. You can also utilize an online tool to screen. Specific Phobias A person with specific phobia experiences persistent and a heightened fear of one or more of the following: objects, situations animals, or other people. These fears may be insignificant to the threat that the object or situation, but they cause marked anxiety and can hinder functioning in daily life. Unlike the other types of anxiety disorders, specific phobias involve fear of only one stimulus instead of multiple stimuli. The feared object or situation could be anything from heights, dogs, flying, injections, or crowds. The condition is found worldwide and is more prevalent in women than men, and usually begins in childhood or adolescence. People with specific phobias know their fears are unfounded however this doesn't diminish the severity of their symptoms. Children with specific fears usually outgrow them. However when the fear persists into adulthood, it can be difficult to treat. Doctors identify the disorder by examining symptoms and their impact on the way they function in their daily lives. They rule out other conditions that could have similar symptoms like agoraphobia or social anxiety disorder before diagnosing the phobia. In past DSM editions, patients of adult age needed to recognize their irrational fear as part of the diagnosis, but the 2013 edition states that this is no longer necessary for adults. There are two types of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is primarily focused on teaching people better coping mechanisms and changing their reactions to fear. Exposure-based therapy is the gradual and systematic exposure to the object or situation. The patient may begin by thinking about the object or event. They can then proceed to seeing pictures of it, walking in front of an elevator, holding a toy, visiting an animal park and viewing real snakes, and then taking a ride in a crowded elevator. This type of therapy may not eliminate fear, but it can reduce the intensity. Psychotherapy and medication like antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications are also options to treat specific phobias. These treatments are generally considered to be effective by people with specific phobias.